This book is a long overdue study of art history from a decolonial perspective. It first presents decoloniality as a new definition of the modern era, in which the conquering of the Americas and the Atlantic are central. The study of art of the last 2,500 years is shown to be part of the European colonial-capitalistic project of the subalternizing and making-dependent of a supposed other, and provides detailed presentations of the methodologies and discourses, with all their coloniality. Indigenous, Afro-diasporic, Latin American, and African artists and scholars provide unfamiliar perspectives and a universal concept of art that is able to counteract the asymmetrical power relationships in the European study of art.