This book discusses the fact that applied science is underused in modern societies. The problem is discussed both from external points of view (trust among lay people, attitudes among politicians) and from the inside (recruitment of researchers, research education, violations of scientific rules, financial processes). The book concludes with suggested solutions. Democracy is threatened in many countries in the free world. The same is true of applied science. It could be argued that in a world situation in which increasing numbers of people distrust politicians, applied science would be the sector people should turn to for advice. However, this seems to occur to a decreasing extent. Increasing numbers of results are produced by applied scientists and these results often diverge. In that situation, laymen tend to select the research results that confirm their own ideas. In such a situation one could ask whether it is meaningful to have applied science and to allocate money to it. There