This book is the first comprehensive clinical introduction to using Mentalization-based treatment (MBT) with children, 5- 2 years old, who experience emotional and behavioral problems including anxiety, depression, and relational difficulties. Mentalization--based treatment (MBT) promotes clients amp rsquo ability to interpret the meaning of others amp rsquo behavior by considering their underlying mental states and intentions, as well as clients amp rsquo capacity to understand the impact of their own behaviors on others. Written by an international team of clinician--researchers who are pioneering the MBT model with children, the authors begin by exploring the significance of mentalization and then devote the core chapters to the process of conducting short-term (9-- 2 sessions) MBT for children, including problem assessment and case formulation in terms of mentalizing techniques, the therapist amp rsquo s stance, and treatment termination.The approach draws on traditional psychodynamic principles, but integrates them with findings from attachment theory, the empirical study of mentalization, and features of other evidence--based approaches. This book includes a chapter-length case illustration and an appendix that lists measures of reflective functioning in children and their parents, as well as validation articles.