Global Environmental Politics has provided an accurate, up-to-date, and unbiased understanding of the world’s most pressing environmental issues for more than thirty years. This ninth edition continues this practice by covering critical new developments in global environmental politics and policymaking. Updated case studies on key issues such as climate change, endangered species, ozone depletion, land degradation and desertification, marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, whaling, hazardous wastes, toxic chemicals, mercury, and biodiversity detail the ongoing development of major environmental treaty regimes, and a new case study on plastic pollution showcases the challenges of creating new treaties during a period of significant global change. There is also new material on the challenges to implementing the Sustainable Development Goals, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the World Trade Organization’s agreement on fisheries subsidies, and the use of