Looking beyond the view of James Joyce as a failed playwright to uncover how Joyce’s modernist breakthroughs are grounded in theatrical techniques In this book, Valérie Bénéjam argues that the success of James Joyce’s fiction lies in its theatricality and examines the role of drama throughout the writer’s entire oeuvre. While Joyce’s only surviving play, Exiles, was widely considered a failure, Bénéjam demonstrates that Joyce inserted theater and theatricality into his short stories and novels instead, where they became the markers of his specific modernist aesthetics. Bénéjam identifies a theatrical bent in Joyce’s early writings, seen in the minimalist play scripts of the epiphanies. His powerful use of dialogism continues in his early fiction, with Dubliners and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. In Ulysses, Joyce includes theatrical techniques such as soliloquy, dialogue, script, and asides, most evident in chapters like “Circe” and “Penelope.” And in his final work,