In the Danube Delta, on the border between Romania and Ukraine, a shrinking community of Russian Old Believers – Orthodox Christians who rejected seventeenth-century religious reforms in Russia – has struggled for survival, withdrawn from the world while simultaneously trying to engage with it. Waves of social change, from internal divisions and migration to external secularization and modernization, have reinforced this community's commitment to the old Orthodox rites and customs, as well as their long-standing conviction that the end times are imminent. Living in the End Times offers an in-depth ethnographic and historical exploration of the persistence of this community in contemporary Romania. Vlad Naumescu examines their ways of making history, pursuing continuity, and inscribing their historical experience into a narrative of radical hope. The interwoven life stories of the Old Believers challenge broader dichotomies of the secular and the religious, socialist and