This volume, with essays covering three broad themes -- anti-poverty policies; labour, land, and financial markets; and political regimes and economic development -- describes what are the critical institutional features of land, labour and financial markets that determine their efficiency and ability to facilitate inclusive growth, and the political factors that govern the process of development. It concentrates on programmes and policies for India and covers international experience with cash transfer programmes. The work in this area applies core theoretical insights to policy discussions surrounding poverty measurement, income inequality, rural unemployment, and compares alternative growth strategies in terms of their impact on poverty and inequality.